密花香薷挥发油成分的分析研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法和气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用法对密花香薷的挥发性成分进行了分析和鉴定.分离出93个峰,确认了其中的84种化合物,其含量占全油的88.34%.主要化学成分为大根香叶烯(18.83%);D-柠檬烯(11.17%);2,5,5-三四基-1,3,6-庚三烯(6.30%);6-亚甲基-双环[3,1,0]己烷(5.90%);氧化石竹烯(3.94%);石竹烯(3.36%);4-碳-3,5-二甲基环己-1-烯(2.88%);α-3-环己烯-1-醇(2.06%).     

施肥和刈割日期对杂交狼尾草钙、磷、镁含量的影响及其与家畜需要的关系

研究了不同施肥处理和刈割日期对杂交狼尾草Ca、P和Mg含量的影响及其与家畜营养的关系,结果表明,有机肥的施用显著降低了植株Ca含量,对植株P和Mg含量无显著影响;随无机氮施用水平的提高,杂交狼尾草植株Ca和Mg含量显著提高,P含量显著降低;植株Ca、Mg含量均随刈割日期的推迟而显著提高,植株磷含量随刈割日期的推迟呈先降后升的规律;根据NRC推荐的饲养标准(奶牛、肉牛和绵羊),所有处理杂交狼尾草植株Mg含量均能满足家畜的需要,Ca:P为(0.95～2.67):1;利用杂交狼尾草饲喂高产奶牛时,应注意日粮中Ca、P的添加.     

猪附红细胞体16S rRNA基因的序列测定和系统进化分析

从确诊为猪附红细胞体感染的猪场，无菌采集血样，抽提猪附红细胞体基因组DNA，采用真细菌的通用引物进行16S rRNA基因扩增，对扩增产物进行克隆和测序。从3个地理位置不同的猪场均成功地扩增出长度为1469bp的核苷酸序列。系统进化分析表明，3个猪场样品所测序列一致性达99．52％以上，具有相同的基因型，但与国外报道的猪附红细胞体Illinois株同源性为95％，属于同一基因群，但基因型不同；所有种类的附红细胞体和血巴尔通氏体组成同一进化分支，这类血营养菌与支原体科，支原体属的病原最靠近(75％)，而与立克次氏体目的病原较远(70％)。上述研究证实，广东所流行的猪附红细胞体是一种新基因型的猪附红细胞体，建议命名为猪附红细胞体广东株型；为反映进化关系，猪附红细胞体和其它血营养菌应划归于支原体科的支原体属。     

4种日粮条件下30～150日龄羔羊瘤胃消化代谢功能的变化

将16只30日龄体重约6～10kg装有瘤胃瘘管的罗姆尼与新疆美利奴羊杂交公羔分为4组，分别喂以不同消化能（DE，MJ／kg）和蛋白质（CP，％）水平的日粮（DE／CP：11．91／20、11．91／14、8．15／20和8．15／14），以15d为一研究时间段，每时间段的第9、10和11天在第一次喂料后的第0、1、3、6和9h采取瘤胃液样品，以研究30～150日龄期间羔羊瘤胃消化代谢的变化规律。结果表明，羔羊瘤胃液pH、氨态氮、丙酸、乙＋丙＋丁酸浓度随日龄而不断升高，在100日龄时趋于稳定，并且受日粮营养水平的影响。乙酸浓度的变化虽也受日龄和日粮营养水平的影响，但相对较小。羔羊瘤胃液体积在120日内几乎增加了15倍，并且也受日粮营养水平的影响。研究表明瘤胃消化代谢的发育是渐进性的，在100日龄时各项指标均趋于稳定，并且瘤胃液体积的增大对于瘤胃消化代谢能力的发育起着首要的作用。     

家蚕品种“明丰×春玉”改良系农村饲养初报

家蚕品种"明丰×春玉"抗Bm NPV改良系在农村试养中,表现出蔟中不利气候条件下结茧率偏低的现象。针对存在的问题,对品种特性进行进一步改良。改良品种的农村试养对比结果表明,改良系抗病毒病性状优良,各项经济性状优于对照品种。     

浙北地区早熟松花菜品种比较试验

在浙北松花菜秋季栽培区选择试点,对6个早熟松花菜新品种进行了比较试验。试验结果表明,浙农松花50天是浙北地区秋季抢早栽培的较为理想的品种,而农美50天产量潜力最大,但成熟期略迟,生产上可根据实际情况加以应用。     

生物菌肥对老桃园土壤和再植桃苗生长的影响

以生物菌肥和桃苗为试材,通过土壤检测和测量桃苗的生长,研究了生物菌肥对老桃园土壤和再植桃苗生长的影响。结果表明:每株浇灌2亿个·mL~(-1)光合菌剂600mL、2亿个·mL~(-1)光合菌剂300mL和3亿cfu·g~(-1)木霉可湿性粉剂1 500mL放线菌增幅较大。2亿个·mL~(-1)光合菌剂600mL和2亿个·g~(-1)木霉菌300g的速效钾含量增幅较大,2亿个·g~(-1)木霉菌300g能增加有效磷含量,3亿cfu·g~(-1)木霉可湿性粉剂1 500 mL的全氮含量有一定的增加,2亿个·mL~(-1)光合菌剂300mL全钾增幅较大。2亿个·mL~(-1)光合菌剂300mL和3亿cfu·g~(-1)木霉可湿性粉剂750mL对主干的增粗最明显而且也有利于三主枝伸长。侧重于桃苗生长情况,建议选用2亿个·mL~(-1)光合菌剂300mL。     

种植密度对滴灌马铃薯生长、产量的影响

为了了解耕培土滴灌条件下种植密度对马铃薯生长、产量以及水分利用效率的影响.试验共设密度分别为7.28×10⁴ 株/hm²(RS25),6.67×10⁴ 株/hm²(RS35),5.55×10⁴ 株/hm²(CK)3个处理.结果表明:随着种植密度的增加,株高、茎粗、干物质积累量以及商品薯率均有降低的趋势;产量、水分利用效率随种植密度的增加表现出先增大后减少,其中RS35处理产量和水分利用效率均表现最高,分别达到47 325 kg/hm²和12.05 kg/m³;在马铃薯品质方面,种植密度对马铃薯粗蛋白含量的影响不具有统计学意义;淀粉和维生素C随着密度的大幅增加而降低,其中RS25处理的淀粉较CK降低了5.57%,RS25处理的维生素C较CK降低了7.96%,同时RS35与CK处理不具有统计学意义.综上所述,种植密度为6.67×10⁴ 株/hm²的RS35处理马铃薯高产优质,且水分利用效率最高,为黑龙江地区滴灌马铃薯较为适宜的种植密度.     

Protective effect of curcumin analogue L6H4 on diaphragm of type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of curcumin analogue L6H4 on diaphragm of type 2 diabetic rats.METHODS: SPF male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=40) were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control (NC) group, high fat (HF) group, high fat+L6H4 treatment (FT) group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group and DM+L6H4 treatment (DT) group. The rats in the later 4 groups were fed with high-fat diet. After 4 weeks of high-fat diet fee-ding, the rats in DM and DT groups were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes melliutus. The rats in FT and DT groups were given L6H4 by gavage for 8 weeks. Blood glucose and blood lipid levels were detected biochemically. Fasting serum insulin (FINS) level was measured by radioimmunoassay and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Serum adiponectin (APN) level was measured by ELISA. The morphological changes of the diaphragm were observed under light and transmission electron microscopes. Lipid deposition and the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and NADH-tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR) were observed by enzyme histochemical staining. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the diaphragm were measured by thiobarbituric acid method and hydroxylamine method, respectively. The protein expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) in the diaphragm was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: The levels of blood lipids, blood glucose, FINS and HOMA-IR in HF and DM groups were higher than those in NC group, but decreased after L6H4 treatment. The serum APN level in HF and DM groups was lower than that in NC group, but increased after treatment with L6H4. The muscle fibers of the diaphragm were shrunk, fat particles accumulated in the muscle fibers, and the mitochondria were slightly swollen in HF and DM groups. The diaphragmatic fibrosis was obvious in DM group. These lesions were relieved after L6H4 treatment. Compared with NC group, the level of MDA and the activity of SDH and NADH-TR in the diaphragm were increased in HF and DM groups, but decreased after treatment with L6H4. The activity of SOD and the expression of AdipoR1 in the diaphragm were lower than those in NC group, but increased after L6H4 treatment.CONCLUSION: The curcumin analogue L6H4 exerts a protective effect on diaphragm in type 2 diabetic rats. The strengthened protein expression of AdipoR1, the increased serum level of APN, and anti-lipid peroxidation may be involved in the process.